America Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Market: Trends and Forecasts by 2018.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

The electrochemical device which converts the chemical energy such as hydrogen, methane , butane which is present in Fuels into an electrical energy by making use of the hydrogen and oxygen reaction.

Highest temperature at which the Solid Oxide Fuel Cells work ranges between 800ºC to the max of 1000ºC.  The normal efficiency of Fuel cells is around 60% but whenever the heat produced by Fuel Cells is harnessed the overall efficiency may increase to 80%.

 

Applications of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

1) Portable power generation

    Products which are designed to be moved regularly.

    ex. Military applications, Auxiliary Power Units(APU).

Auxiliary Power Units (APU)

2) Stationary power generation

    the products which are developed for generating power but are not supposed to be a portable i.e
    these are static power generators.
   ex. combined heat and power (CHP), uninterruptible power systems (UPS) and primary power       units.

3) Power for transportation
    Applications that provide propulsive power required for the vehicles.
    ex. goods transport vehicles, Two-three wheeler vehicles, trains and trams.

America Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Market

• As the Fuel cell technology is highly efficient and its efficiency in converting fuel to energy can be over 80%. Hence the Fuel cell technology is commercially getting a good market for its applications over the past few years.
• American fuel cell market is having a high growth because of an high efficiency and increased clean energy demand and large investments related to hydrogen infrastructure development, especially in U.S. and Canada.
• The North America fuel cell market is estimated at around $667.7 million by 2018 with unit shipments increasing from 3,569 units in 2012 to 331,611 units by 2018.

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Amino Acids Market: Trends and Forecasts by 2018.

What are the Amino Acids?

"Amino acids are important organic compounds which are composed of amine (-NH2) and carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side-chain specific to each amino acid."

The basic elements which are responsible for the formation of Amino Acids are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen as well as nitrogen.

Human body is composed of cells, and the body cells are made up of Amino Acid. Amino acids are responsible for performing many important body functions, such as giving cells their structure. Amino Acids also play a crucial role in the transport and the storage of nutrients from one body part to the other. Amino acids also influence the different function of organs, glands, tendons and arteries. They are furthermore essential for healing wounds and repairing tissue, especially in the muscles, bones, skin and hair as well as for the removal of all kinds of waste deposits produced in connection with the metabolism.

Application Of Amino Acid:

1) Primarily Amino Acid is used as additive in animal feed.

2) The food industry is a major consumer of amino acids.

•  glutamic acid, flavor enhancer
• Aspartame (aspartyl-phenylalanine-1-methyl ester) as a low-calorie artificial sweetener
• Amino acids in sodium Reduction.

 3) The effects of amino acids can be found against following

• diabetes
• osteoporosis
• heart trouble
• metabolic disorders
• erectile dysfunction
• anti-aging and also menopausal complaints 
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Sodium Reduction Process

• It is the process of removing sodium and salt content percentage from food products such as bakery and confectioneries, dairy and frozen food, and meat products.
• For good health almost every doctor will suggest you to have diet which has low sodium and salt percentage in it. For a person with high blood pressure and heart problems eating sodium and salt is dangerous. Researches have shown that lower sodium and salt diets keeps blood pressure from rising.Avoiding salt and Sodium intake in daily food may reduce the stroke cases around 6%.
• Sodium reduction process holds following as key Ingredients such as mineral salts, amino acids, yeast extracts.

Sodium Reduction: Amino Acids Market Research

As reduction of Sodium and salt will ultimately affect to the taste, the sodium reduction market was having steady growth.
But as the reduction in sodium and salt will lead to the healthy life and its benefits are more than compromising with the taste, the market had slight alteration as the consumers have started accepting the low salt products.

Source: Expert Interviews, Government Authorities, MarketsandMarkets Analysis

In 2012, the global sodium reduction market was valued at more than half a billion, growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate of 11.0% through to 2018.  North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific are the largest market share holder for Sodium Reduction Market.

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Adaptive Cruise Control: A Driver Assistance System type and global trends and forecast to 2018.

Driver Assistance Systems

These are the systems that are developed for the purpose of helping the driver in the driving process. Primary goal of the driver assistance systems is to increase the car safety and human machine interface.

Examples of Driver Assistance Systems are:

A) Adaptive Cruise Control system (ACC)

Cruise control is a system that automatically controls the speed of a motor vehicle.

Adaptive Cruise Control System is an intelligent form of cruise control that manages the speed of a vehicle i.e. slows down or speeds up according to the speed of the vehicle in front of   it. The driver sets the maximum speed — just as with cruise control — then a radar sensor watches for traffic ahead, locks on to the car in a lane, and instructs the car to stay 2, 3, or 4 seconds behind the person car ahead of it (the driver sets the follow distance, within reason). ACC is now almost always paired with a pre-crash system that alerts you and often begins braking.

B) Lane Departure Warning System(LDWS)

A lane departure warning system is a mechanism that is designed to indicate or alarm a driver when the vehicle switches out of its line of focus (unless a turn signal is on in that direction) on freeways and arterial roads.
These systems are designed to reduce the accident rate by taking into account the main causes of collisions which are mistakes of driver, distractions and drowsiness.

C)Blind Spot Detection System

The area surrounded by the vehicle which is not visible by the driver directly when observed is blind spot. Blind spot causes many of the accidents that are taking place. So, to reduce the accidents which are caused by the Blind Spot This system is developed.

Driver Assistance Systems Market

• The importance of security of the person is increasing day by day. So to improve the security in daily driving routine there is a huge demand for driver assistance systems. 
• The growth of the market for Driver Assistance Systems is depending on certain key factors such as cost of the systems, User-friendly traits as well as regulations mandating these features.
• The global market for Driver Assistance Systems Market is projected to reach $13.4 billion by the end of 2013 and is estimated to grow to $33.6 billion by 2018, growing at Compound Annual Growth Rate of 20.10% for the same period.
• By considering the Revenue of Driver Assistance Systems Market the Adaptive Cruise Control Market will be the leading revenue generator of the market. 

 Technologies used for Driver Assistance System 

1) Ultrasonic               2) RADAR                3) LIDAR                 4) IR

Following image clearly indicates the market volume of Driver assistance systems according to the technologies used to develop them.

Source: MarketsandMarkets Analysis

 

Key players of Driver Assistance System Market

According to the survey the key contributors of the Driver assistance Systems market which contribute around 70% of total market.
1) Continental AG (Germany)
2) Robert Bosch GmbH (Germany)
3|) Denso Corporation (Japan)
4) Magna International (Canada)
5) Valeo (France)


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Fish Feeds Market: Analysis of current demand and forecasted consumption by 2018.

Fish Feeds

It is a material which is intended for consumption by the fish. Fish is a integral part of our food and it holds largest share in our daily nutrition.

Primary aim of Feeding of fish during culture is to produce maximum weight of marketable fish within the shortest time and in a least cost. The feed and the nutrition which is given to fish should be able to fulfill the energy requirements of a fish for movement and all other activities the fish engages in. It should also provide nutrients for body maintenance, growth and reproduction.

Feeding increases fish growth and makes fish farming profitable. Feeds must be nutritious and economical in any farming system and must be properly managed to be effective.

The nutrients which are required for the growth of fish include carbohydrates, fats, protein, vitamins and minerals. Other components of feed are fiber and moisture.

TYPES OF FEED

1) Natural food
The natural foods in a fish pond include mainly phytoplankton, and also zooplankton, detritus, insect larvae, etc.

2) Artificial/Formulated Food
Formulated or artificially prepared feeds can be used as supplementary feeds or as a secondary source of nutrients for a fish in a pond.

• Dry foods: this kind of food is best consumable for tropical and saltwater fish. It provides the nutritions of natural food as well as supplementary nutritional feeds for the fish.
• Vacation Foods: These care the food blocks that gets dissolved and release small amount of food over the time. This kind of food is placed in aquarium while the owner is absent
• Frozen Fish food: Perishable food need to be preserved by frozen storage, these can contain a variety of ingredients such as bloodworms, Daphnia, or brine shrimp, and are commonly used to feed such fish as Discus(Symphysodon) which require a high protein diet.

Fish Feeds Market

The global Aqua feed market was at $55,685.0 million in 2012 and is expected to reach $106,695.7 million by 2018, growing at the Compound Annual Growth Rate of 12.1% from 2013 to 2018. On a global scale, Asia-Pacific is the dominating consumer geography for Aqua feed followed by Europe and North America.

Aqua feed Market Share, By Geography, 2012

Source: MarketsandMarkets Analysis

Key participants in the global market include Nutriad (Belgium), Cargill (U.S.), BioMar A/S (Denmark), Aller Aqua A/S (Denmark), Avanti Feeds (India), and Nutreco NV (The Netherlands).

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Insight Dyes and Pigments Market: Trends and Forecast by 2018.

Why do we use Dyes and Pigments?

Dyes and pigments are the basic materials which are used for various purposes like coloring paint, ink, plastic, fabric, cosmetics, food and other materials. We use Dyes and pigments for various purposes because it have the characteristic of changing the color of reflected or transmitted light due to the partial wavelength absorption, this process differs from fluorescence.

Pigment

It is the basic compound which is used in different coloring applications like paint, ink etc. because of its property of absorbing the wavelength of transmitted light.

There are various applications of pigments such as coloring paint, ink, plastic, fabric, cosmetics, food and other materials. Most pigments used as colorants in different industries.

Basics behind Dyes and Pigments working:

Dyes and pigments holds the property of reflecting and absorbing of wavelength, due to this the resultant colour of material is changed when dyes and pigments are added to them.

Following diagram shows the exact working of dyes and pigments:

The diagram shows the complementary colors of natural colors after absorption of wavelength.

Pigments Compounds

1)Azo pigments
Azo pigments are basically colorless particles which are then colored by using an azo compound. It is a very crucial compound in a variety of paints including artist's paints.

2)Phthalocyanine 

It is an extreme blue-green-coloured aromatic macrocyclic compound which is broadly used in dyeing. Phthalocyanine's brilliant blue is frequently used as a compound in paints and dyes. 

It has following properties such as light fastness, tinting strength, covering power and resistance to the effects of alkalies and acids.

Organic and Inorganic Pigments.

Inorganic Pigments: These are generally metallic oxides or synthetics. These Mineral-earth type pigments are very simple and naturally occurring colored substances. The methods used for preparation of these pigments are very simple and consists of the processes of washing, drying, pulverizing and mixing into a formulation.

Examples: lead oxide, cobalt blue, chromium oxide, cadmium yellow, molybdate orange, and nickel titanate, Titanium Dioxide, Antimony Oxide etc.


Organic Pigments: Majority of these pigments are chemically synthesized because these compounds usually not found in the nature. Organic pigments contain carbon and generally have relatively low levels of toxicity, which will not lead to any major environmental concern. 

 

Dyes

A dye is a basic compound which has the property of absorption of wavelength which has an affinity to the substance to which it is mixed. The dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution, and requires a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber.

Types of Dye

1) Reactive Dye 

Reactive dyeing is the most important method for the coloration of cellulosic fibres. Reactive dyes can also be applied on wool and nylon;

2)Disperse Dye 

Disperse dyes are the only water insoluble dyes that dye polyester[1] and acetate fibers. Disperse dye molecules are the smallest dye molecules among all dyes.
These arev applied to Fibers such as polyester, acetate, other synthetics.

3)Vat Dye 

oldest dyes; more chemically complex; water-insoluble
Typically applied to cotton, other cellulosics

4)Acid Dye

An acid dye is a dye, chemically a sodium (less often–ammonium) salt of a sulfuric, carboxylic or phenol organic acid. A class of dyes used on wool, other animal fibers, and some manufactured fibers. Acid dyes are seldom used on cotton or linen since this process requires a mordant.

Dyes and Pigments Market:

The global demand for dyes and pigments is forecast to reach 11 million metric tons by 2018. The global pigments market is projected to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate of 4% from 2013 to 2018.

There is demand for Organic Pigments due to the good asking rate for high performance pigments, but due to the high cost of Organic pigments compared to Inorganic Pigments the growth of Organic pigments is Restricted.

COLORANTS: MARKET SHARE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2013

Source: DMAI, ICIS, Index Mundi, Company Websites, Factiva, Expert Interviews, MarketsandMarkets Analysis

In the dyes and pigments market, Asia-Pacific accounts for the largest market share. India and china are expected to have a good growth rate in dyes and pigments market as compared to developed countries.

Some of the leading market holder companies are listed as follows: Kiri Industries Ltd (India), Clariant International Ltd (Switzerland), BASF (Germany), Cabot Corp (U.S.), E.I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. (U.S.), ECKART GmbH (Germany), Huntsman Corporation (U.S.), Kronos Worldwide Inc. (U.S.), LANXESS AG (Germany), CRISTAL (Saudi Arabia), and Rockwood Holdings Inc. (U.S.).

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